National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (NBDHE) Dental Hygienist Practice Test

What structure is formed by the trifurcation of maxillary molars?

1. Two roots

2. Three canals

3. Three roots

4. Single canal

The correct answer is: Three roots

The structure formed by the trifurcation of maxillary molars is indeed three roots. Maxillary molars typically have three separate roots: the mesial buccal root, the distal buccal root, and the palatal root. This anatomical feature is essential for understanding the arrangement and classification of maxillary molars in dental practice. Each root can also contain multiple canals, but the primary characteristic that defines the trifurcation is the presence of these three distinct roots. The structure supports the maxillary molars' capacity to endure significant chewing forces, facilitating stability and anchorage within the dental arch. Additionally, the division into three roots allows for better blood supply and nerve innervation, which are crucial for the overall health and function of the teeth. This anatomical configuration is a key aspect for dental hygienists to understand, particularly when planning for procedures such as scaling, root planing, or endodontic treatments.